{"id":82,"date":"2024-06-09T16:57:18","date_gmt":"2024-06-09T14:57:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/?page_id=82"},"modified":"2024-06-16T07:34:50","modified_gmt":"2024-06-16T05:34:50","slug":"die-pflanze-the-plant","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/die-pflanze-the-plant\/","title":{"rendered":"Pflanze \/ plant"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Wer genau ist Arnika und warum besch\u00e4ftigt sich die Forschung mit ihr?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-bright-blue-color has-text-color has-medium-font-size\">Who exactly is Arnica, and what is its interest for research?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ein Pflanzenleben<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Arnika geh\u00f6rt zu den Korbbl\u00fctengew\u00e4chsen \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Korbbl\u00fctler\">Asteraceae<\/a>, also zum selben &#8222;Pflanzen-Clan&#8220; wie Sonnenblume, G\u00e4nsebl\u00fcmchen, L\u00f6wenzahn oder Chicor\u00e9e. Unter diesen sticht sie jedoch hervor: Im Gegensatz zu den meisten ihrer Verwandten wachsen ihre Bl\u00e4tter nicht einzeln, sondern stehen sich immer paarweise (selten zu dritt) gegen\u00fcber. Die meisten Bl\u00e4tter bildet sie direkt \u00fcber dem Boden in einer Blattrosette und nur wenige an den St\u00e4ngeln, die sie ausschlie\u00dflich dann hervor bringt, wenn sie bl\u00fchen will. Nach ihrer Bl\u00fctezeit von Juni bis August sterben die St\u00e4ngel ab. Auch die Rosettenbl\u00e4tter verwelken im Herbst, sodass nur die unterirdischen Pflanzenteile von einem Jahr zum n\u00e4chsten \u00fcberleben \u2013 mit Knospen f\u00fcr den n\u00e4chsten Fr\u00fchling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-bright-blue-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\">The life and times of Arnica<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-bright-blue-color has-text-color\">Arnica is part of the sunflower family \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asteraceae\">Asteraceae<\/a> \u2013 that is the same &#8222;clan&#8220; of plants to which also daisies, dandelions or chicory belong. Yet among these, it sticks out: in contrast to most of its relatives, its leaves do not grow singly, but always in pairs (rarely triplets) opposite each other. It forms most leaves directly on top of the soil in a leaf rosette, and only few along the stalks it only produces when it wants to flower. After its flowering time from June to August, the stalks die back. Since the rosette leaves wither as well, only the underground plant parts survive from one year to the next \u2013 with buds for the next spring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1100\" height=\"1100\" data-id=\"110\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinWinter.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-110\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinWinter.jpeg 1100w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinWinter-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinWinter-1024x1024.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinWinter-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinWinter-768x768.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinWinter-48x48.jpeg 48w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinWinter-250x250.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinWinter-550x550.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinWinter-800x800.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinWinter-180x180.jpeg 180w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinWinter-500x500.jpeg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Jahresende \/\/ <br>end of the year<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" data-id=\"118\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-1024x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-118\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-1024x1024.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-768x768.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-1200x1200.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-48x48.jpeg 48w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-250x250.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-550x550.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-800x800.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-180x180.jpeg 180w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AseedlingsGreenhouse-500x500.jpeg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Keimlinge \/\/ <br>seedlings<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1573\" data-id=\"113\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-113\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-300x184.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-1024x629.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-768x472.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-1536x944.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-2048x1258.jpeg 2048w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-1200x737.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-250x154.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-550x338.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-800x491.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-293x180.jpeg 293w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-488x300.jpeg 488w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Arosette-814x500.jpeg 814w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Blattrosetten \/\/ <br>leaf rosettes<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"111\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-111\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-1024x1024.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-768x768.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-1200x1200.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-48x48.jpeg 48w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-250x250.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-550x550.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-800x800.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-180x180.jpeg 180w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aleaves-500x500.jpeg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Bl\u00e4tter \/\/ <br>leaves<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"104\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-104\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-1024x1024.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-768x768.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-1200x1200.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-48x48.jpeg 48w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-250x250.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-550x550.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-800x800.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-180x180.jpeg 180w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aflowerbuds-500x500.jpeg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Bl\u00fctenkopfknospen \/\/ <br>flowerhead buds<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"107\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-107\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-1024x1024.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-768x768.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-1200x1200.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-48x48.jpeg 48w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-250x250.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-550x550.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-800x800.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-180x180.jpeg 180w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerSide-500x500.jpeg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Bl\u00fctenkopf \/\/ flowerhead<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\" data-id=\"11\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/cropped-ArnicaSNP_Banner2-e1717262044529.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/cropped-ArnicaSNP_Banner2-e1717262044529.png 512w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/cropped-ArnicaSNP_Banner2-e1717262044529-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/cropped-ArnicaSNP_Banner2-e1717262044529-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/cropped-ArnicaSNP_Banner2-e1717262044529-270x270.png 270w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/cropped-ArnicaSNP_Banner2-e1717262044529-192x192.png 192w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/cropped-ArnicaSNP_Banner2-e1717262044529-180x180.png 180w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/cropped-ArnicaSNP_Banner2-e1717262044529-32x32.png 32w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 85vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption>Bl\u00fcten \/\/ flowers<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"106\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-106\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-1024x1024.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-768x768.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-1200x1200.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-48x48.jpeg 48w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-250x250.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-550x550.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-800x800.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-180x180.jpeg 180w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerLate-500x500.jpeg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Alle best\u00e4ubt? \/\/ <br>all pollinated?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2520\" height=\"2520\" data-id=\"108\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-108\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits.jpeg 2520w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits-300x300.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits-1024x1024.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits-768x768.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits-1536x1536.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits-2048x2048.jpeg 2048w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits-1200x1200.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits-48x48.jpeg 48w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits-250x250.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits-550x550.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits-800x800.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits-180x180.jpeg 180w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Afruits-500x500.jpeg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Fr\u00fcchte \/\/ fruits<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1555\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"105\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerFruits-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-105\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerFruits-scaled.jpeg 1555w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerFruits-182x300.jpeg 182w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerFruits-622x1024.jpeg 622w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerFruits-768x1265.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerFruits-933x1536.jpeg 933w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerFruits-1244x2048.jpeg 1244w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerFruits-1200x1976.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerFruits-250x412.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerFruits-550x906.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerFruits-800x1317.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerFruits-109x180.jpeg 109w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AflowerFruits-304x500.jpeg 304w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Von Bl\u00fcte zu Frucht \/\/ <br>from flower to fruit<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1571\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"109\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinGreenhouse-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-109\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinGreenhouse-scaled.jpeg 1571w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinGreenhouse-184x300.jpeg 184w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinGreenhouse-628x1024.jpeg 628w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinGreenhouse-768x1252.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinGreenhouse-942x1536.jpeg 942w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinGreenhouse-1257x2048.jpeg 1257w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinGreenhouse-1200x1956.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinGreenhouse-250x407.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinGreenhouse-550x896.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinGreenhouse-800x1304.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinGreenhouse-110x180.jpeg 110w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AinGreenhouse-307x500.jpeg 307w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Im Gew\u00e4chshaus \/\/ <br>in the greenhouse<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1367\" height=\"2560\" data-id=\"114\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AwholePlant-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-114\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AwholePlant-scaled.jpeg 1367w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AwholePlant-160x300.jpeg 160w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AwholePlant-547x1024.jpeg 547w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AwholePlant-768x1438.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AwholePlant-820x1536.jpeg 820w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AwholePlant-1094x2048.jpeg 1094w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AwholePlant-1200x2247.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AwholePlant-250x468.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AwholePlant-550x1030.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AwholePlant-800x1498.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AwholePlant-96x180.jpeg 96w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/AwholePlant-267x500.jpeg 267w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Im Ganzen \/\/ whole plant<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1494\" data-id=\"112\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-112\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-300x175.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-1024x597.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-768x448.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-1536x896.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-2048x1195.jpeg 2048w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-1200x700.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-250x146.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-550x321.jpeg 550w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-800x467.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-309x180.jpeg 309w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-514x300.jpeg 514w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/Aneighborhood-857x500.jpeg 857w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Nachbarschaft \/\/ neighbourhood<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption\">\u00a9 K. Reichel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bl\u00fctenk\u00f6pfe<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Die sonnengelben Arnika-Bl\u00fctenk\u00f6pfe wirken zwar wie eine einzelne Bl\u00fcte, bestehen aber &#8211; \u00e4hnlich wie die Facetten-Augen einer Fliege \u2013 aus ganz vielen Einzelbl\u00fcten. Werden diese von Insekten best\u00e4ubt, dann entsteht aus jedem einzelnen Bl\u00fctchen eine winzige, harte braune Frucht. Genau wie beim L\u00f6wenzahn (&#8222;Pusteblume&#8220;) hat diese Frucht ein Schirmchen, mit dem es sich vom Wind wegtragen l\u00e4sst \u2013 nur ist dessen Stiel bei der Arnika so kurz, dass der Schirm eher ein Haarkranz ist. Landet die Frucht an einer g\u00fcnstigen Stelle, kann sie im n\u00e4chsten Fr\u00fchling auskeimen und es sich am neuen Wuchsort gem\u00fctlich machen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Als Schutz gegen knabbernde Tiere enthalten Arnika-Bl\u00fctenk\u00f6pfe eine hohe Konzentration des Giftstoffes <a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Helenalin\">Helenalin<\/a>. In geringer Dosis und als Salbe aufgetragen wirkt diese Substanz bei S\u00e4ugetieren wie uns Menschen jedoch entz\u00fcndungshemmend. Das ist zwar gut f\u00fcr uns, aber schlecht f\u00fcr die Arnika, die keine schwebenden Fr\u00fcchte mehr bilden kann, wenn wir ihre Bl\u00fctenk\u00f6pfe abschneiden und zu Medizin verarbeiten. Das &#8222;Ernten&#8220; von wilder Arnika f\u00fcr die Arzneiherstellung ist deshalb europaweit verboten \u2013 nur bei speziell daf\u00fcr angebauten Pflanzen oder bei besonders gro\u00dfen Vorkommen, f\u00fcr die eine Sondergenehmigung erteilt wurde, ist es noch erlaubt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-bright-blue-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\">Flowerheads<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-bright-blue-color has-text-color\">Though the sunny yellow  Arnica heads appear to be just single flowers, they really consist of multiple small florets, much like the facet eyes of a fly. If pollinated by an insect, each floret can form a single tiny, hard brown fruit. Just as in dandelion, these fruits have tiny umbrella-like parachutes, which can be picked up by a gust of wind to carry the fruit away \u2013 except that the Arnica&#8217;s umbrella lacks a handle and looks more like a crown of bristles. If the fruit lands  in a suitable place, it can germinate in the next spring and get settled down at its new home.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-bright-blue-color has-text-color\">As a protection against peckish animals, Arnica flowerheads contain the poison <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Helenalin\">helenalin<\/a>. In a low dose and applied externally as a cream, this  substance does, however, soothe inflammations in mammals, including humans. What&#8217;s good for us is now bad for Arnica, since it cannot form its flying fruits anymore if we cut off its flowerheads for medicine. &#8222;Harvesting&#8220; wild Arnica is therefore prohibited throughout Europe \u2013 only for cultivated plants or at exceptionally large stands, for which a special licence has been obtained, it is still permitted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[Karte R\u00fcckgang Arnika]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Verlust<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In den letzten Jahrzehnten ist die Anzahl der Arnika-Vorkommen in Europa immer weiter zur\u00fcck gegangen. Am h\u00e4ufigsten findet man sie noch in den Bergen, wo sie weit weniger von der Intensivierung der landwirtschaftlichen Praxis (z.B. durch Umwandlung von Wiesen- und Weide- in Ackerfl\u00e4che, Entw\u00e4sserung von Feuchtwiesen, st\u00e4rkere D\u00fcngung) betroffen ist. Auch der Klimawandel mit extrem trockenen Sommern und immer zeitigerem Fr\u00fchlingsbeginn, durch den anderen Pflanzen einen Vorsprung bekommen, k\u00f6nnte eine Rolle spielen. Kommt dazu noch illegaler Bl\u00fctenklau, ist es nicht mehr verwunderlich, dass viele Arnika-Populationen am Rand des Zusammenbruches stehen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Der Verlust w\u00e4re um so schmerzlicher, als die Arnika ein Geheimnis umgibt: Auf dem Europ\u00e4ischen Kontinent ist die Art <em>Arnica montana<\/em> eine Waise. Ihre Verwandten aus der Gattung <em>Arnica<\/em> leben in der Nordpolarregion, in Sibirien, Japan und vor allem Nordamerika &#8211; wann und wie ist sie also hierher gekommen? Und wer sind ihre unmittelbaren Geschwister? Als gesichert gilt, dass die europ\u00e4ische Arnika schon vor der letzten Eiszeit hier gewesen sein muss &#8211; aber wo und wie hat sie diese \u00fcberlebt? Und wirkt sich die Vorgeschichte der Art wohlm\u00f6glich heute noch auf das \u00dcberleben von Populationen aus?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-bright-blue-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\">Loss<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-bright-blue-color has-text-color\">Over the last decades, the number of Arnica occurrences in Europe has been steadily declining. In the mountains they are still more numerous, since there they are less heavily affected by the intensivation of agriculture (e.g. turning hay meadows and grazing land into fields, draining of wet meadows, increased fertilization). Also climate change may play a role, leading to extremely dry summers and early springs which give other plants a head start. With illegal flower theft on top, it\u2018s not surprising to see many Arnica populations on the brink of a breakdown.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-bright-blue-color has-text-color\">The loss would be even greater, as Arnica is surrounded by a mystery: On the European continent, the species <em>Arnica montana<\/em> is an orphan. Its relatives from the genus <em>Arnica<\/em> live in the northern polar region, Siberia, Japan and above all North America &#8211; so when and how did it get here? And who are its closest siblings? It is certain that Arnica was already here during the last ice age &#8211; but where and how did it survive? And could the history of the species perhaps still affect the survival of populations today?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[Verbreitung Gattung Arnika]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ein Aufruf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote has-text-align-right is-style-plain has-medium-gray-color has-text-color is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Arnika hilft uns \u2014 und wir helfen ihr!<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Arnika ist nicht nur n\u00fctzlich, wenn wir uns gerade mal wieder das Knie gesto\u00dfen haben. Sie ist auch eine sch\u00f6ne und spannende Pflanze, die stellvertretend f\u00fcr viele Organismen steht, denen wir aktuell das Leben schwer machen. Was k\u00f6nnen wir also tun, um Arnika und ihren Nachbarn zu helfen? Hier ist schon mal eine kleine Liste:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Nachhaltige und faire Landwirtschaft f\u00f6rdern<\/strong> \u2014 indem wir saisonale, regionale und zertifizierte Produkte kaufen<\/li><li><strong>Energie und Treibhausgase sparen<\/strong> \u2014 um den Klimawandel zu bremsen<\/li><li><strong>Gesch\u00fctzte Arten in Ruhe lassen<\/strong> \u2014 insbesondere in extra ausgewiesenen Schutzgebieten: Die Bl\u00fctenk\u00f6pfe bleiben dran und mit dem Fernglas ist man der Natur auch vom Weg aus ganz nah.<\/li><li><strong>Informieren<\/strong> \u2014 nicht jede*r liest diesen Blog, aber alle sollten Bescheid wissen; ganz besonders diejenigen, die Macht haben um Entscheidungen zu treffen<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Und k\u00f6nnen wir die Arnika nicht auch in unsere G\u00e4rten holen, oder ihre Fr\u00fcchtchen mitnehmen und gezielt in die Landschaft streuen? Die Antwort ist ein klares \u201cJein\u201c: Wenn wir unkontrolliert Fr\u00fcchte aus ohnehin schon kleinen Populationen wegnehmen und sie an Orte bringen, wo sich die Pflanzen wahrscheinlich nicht wohl f\u00fchlen, erweisen wir ihnen einen B\u00e4rendienst. Deshalb gibt es wissenschaftlich begleitete Projekte zum Erhalt und zur Wiederansiedelung seltener und bedrohter Arten, die man als <strong>Mitglied in lokalen Naturschutzvereinen<\/strong> aktiv unterst\u00fctzen kann. Und nat\u00fcrlich <strong>Forschungsprojekte<\/strong> wie das unsere, mit denen wir grundlegend verstehen wollen, welche nat\u00fcrlichen Wege Arnika und andere Pflanzen zum \u00dcberleben in schlechten Zeiten nutzen und wie wir diese f\u00f6rdern k\u00f6nnen!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-bright-blue-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\">A call for action<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote has-text-align-right is-style-plain has-light-blue-color has-text-color is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Arnica helps us \u2014 let\u2018s help Arnica!<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-bright-blue-color has-text-color\">Arnica is not only useful when we have hit our knee yet another time. It is also a beautiful and intriguing plant, which stands as a model for many organisms whose lives we currently make very tough. So what can we do to help Arnica and its neighbours? Let\u2019s have a short list:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"has-bright-blue-color has-text-color wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Support sustainable and fair agriculture<\/strong> \u2014 by buying seasonal, regional and certified products<\/li><li><strong>Save energy and greenhouse gasses<\/strong> \u2014 to slow down climate change<\/li><li><strong>Leave protected species in peace<\/strong> \u2014 especially in protected areas: the flowerheads stay on, and with binoculars we can also get close to nature while staying on the path<\/li><li><strong>Inform<\/strong> \u2014 not everyone reads this blog, but everybody should know what\u2018s going on; especially those with the power to make decisions<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-bright-blue-color has-text-color\">And can\u2018t we take Arnica into our gardens, or collect their small fruitlets to sow them out somewhere in the landscape? Well, yes and no: If we just randomly remove fruits from populations which are already small, and put them some place the plants probably won&#8217;t like to live in, we risk doing them a great disservice. This is just why there are scientifically coordinated protection and restoration projects for rare and threatended species, which we can support by becoming active <strong>members of local nature conservation societies<\/strong>. And there are also <strong>research projects<\/strong> like ours, by which we aim to get a deeper understanding of how Arnica and other plants cope with hard times in nature, and what we can do to support them in this!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"577\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/ArnikaWiese-edited-1024x577.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-38\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/ArnikaWiese-edited-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/ArnikaWiese-edited-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/ArnikaWiese-edited-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/ArnikaWiese-edited-1536x865.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/ArnikaWiese-edited-2048x1153.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/files\/2024\/06\/ArnikaWiese-edited-1200x676.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption>Arnika-Bl\u00fcte im Erzgebirge \/\/ Arnica flowering in the Ore Mountains, Germany. \u00a9 K. Reichel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Wer genau ist Arnika und warum besch\u00e4ftigt sich die Forschung mit ihr? Who exactly is Arnica, and what is its interest for research? Ein Pflanzenleben Arnika geh\u00f6rt zu den Korbbl\u00fctengew\u00e4chsen \/ Asteraceae, also zum selben &#8222;Pflanzen-Clan&#8220; wie Sonnenblume, G\u00e4nsebl\u00fcmchen, L\u00f6wenzahn oder Chicor\u00e9e. Unter diesen sticht sie jedoch hervor: Im Gegensatz zu den meisten ihrer Verwandten &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/die-pflanze-the-plant\/\" class=\"more-link\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u201ePflanze \/ plant\u201c<\/span> weiterlesen<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3486,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-82","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/82","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3486"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=82"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/82\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":169,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/82\/revisions\/169"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/arnica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=82"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}