{"id":356,"date":"2018-05-03T14:34:08","date_gmt":"2018-05-03T12:34:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/reseda\/?page_id=356"},"modified":"2018-09-25T10:53:18","modified_gmt":"2018-09-25T08:53:18","slug":"sentinel-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.fu-berlin.de\/reseda\/sentinel-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Sentinel 2"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sentinel 2 is a multi-spectral mission consisting of a pair of optical Earth observation satellites: Sentinel-2A and Sentinel-2B, operated by the European Space Agency (ESA) within the framework of the Copernicus program. Sentinel 2 is the European counterpart on Landsat and provides freely available data to study climate change processes. <\/p>\n

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Sentinel 2 satellite<\/span><\/div>\n

Both Sentinel 2 satellites were built by Airbus DS and launched on a Vega launch vehicle in French Guiana (Kourou) on June 23, 2015 and on March 7, 2017, respectively. Two more identical satellites are scheduled to launch in 2021 to improve the temporal resolution. Each Sentinel 2 satellite carries a single multi-spectral instrument (MSI), which uses a push-broom concept and provides 13 spectral channels ranging from the visible (VIS) to the short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) in different spatial resolutions. Incoming light is collected by a three-mirror telescope and focused by a beam-splitter onto two focalplane assemblies (FPAs) – one for the ten VNIR bands and one for the three SWIR wavelengths:<\/p>\n

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Sentinel 2 bands<\/span><\/div>\n

The Sentinel 2 mission is designed to mainly provide information for agricultural and forestry practices and applications. In this context, the three red edge bands (5-7) help to differentiate various plant species by leaf area chlorophyll characteristics. Note: Compared to Landsat, however, the thermal and pan bands are missing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
BAND<\/strong><\/td>\nSPECTRAL<\/strong><\/td>\nWAVELEN. [\u00b5m]<\/strong><\/td>\nGEOM. [m]<\/strong><\/td>\nSENSOR<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n
1<\/font><\/td>\naerosols<\/td>\n0.429 – 0.457<\/td>\n60<\/td>\nMSI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n
2<\/font><\/td>\nblue<\/td>\n0.451 – 0.539<\/td>\n10<\/td>\nMSI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n
3<\/font><\/td>\ngreen<\/td>\n0.538 – 0.585<\/td>\n10<\/td>\nMSI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n
4<\/font><\/td>\nred<\/td>\n0.641 – 0.689<\/td>\n10<\/td>\nMSI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n
5<\/font><\/td>\nred edge<\/td>\n0.695 – 0.715<\/td>\n20<\/td>\nMSI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n
6<\/font><\/td>\nred edge<\/td>\n0.731 – 0.749<\/td>\n20<\/td>\nMSI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n
7<\/font><\/td>\nred edge<\/td>\n0.769 – 0.797<\/td>\n20<\/td>\nMSI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n
8<\/font><\/td>\nNIR<\/td>\n0.784 – 0.900<\/td>\n10<\/td>\nMSI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n
8a<\/font><\/td>\nnarrow NIR<\/td>\n0.855 – 0.875<\/td>\n20<\/td>\nMSI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n
9<\/font><\/td>\nwater vapour<\/td>\n0.935 – 0.955<\/td>\n60<\/td>\nMSI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n
10<\/font><\/td>\nSWIR cirrus<\/td>\n1.365 – 1.385<\/td>\n60<\/td>\nMSI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n
11<\/font><\/td>\nSWIR<\/td>\n1.565 – 1.655<\/td>\n20<\/td>\nMSI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n
12<\/font><\/td>\nSWIR<\/td>\n2.100 – 2.280<\/td>\n20<\/td>\nMSI<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/table>\n

A special feature of the sensor is the continuous acquisition manner of Sentinel-2, called a “datatake”, which allows a (max.) 15.000 km long continuous imaging strip, e.g. from Russia to southern Africa.
\nIn the following a profile with the most important characteristics of the sensor is given. For much more detailed information, please refer to the Sentinel 2 User Guide<\/a>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
geometric<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
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  • 10 m spatial resolution bands: B2, B3, B4 and B8<\/li>\n
  • 20 m spatial resolution bands: B5, B6, B7, B8a, B11 and B12<\/li>\n
  • 60 m spatial resolution bands: B1, B9 and B10<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
spectral<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
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  • 13 bands<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
radiometric<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
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  • supports 12-bit dynamic range (4096 potential grey levels)<\/li>\n
  • delivered as 16-bit image products (65,536 grey levels)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
temporal<\/strong><\/td>\n\n