– for AMT 43/6 see also Thompson 1929: 58
– concerning the fragment AMT 48/2 (K. 8469, see AMD 8/1, text 7.10 ms. S) which might be considered as a possible fragment of col. ii or iii of EPIGASTRIUM 1: in comparison to other two column witnesses of the bulṭu-compendia the length of the lines seems to be too short which might hint on whether a three column recension (as it is witnessed for some therapeutic ušburruda-collection in Ninive, comparable to K. 249+) or simply a differing format due to less content – this makes the identification of this fragment as witness for EPIGASTRIUM 1 rather doubtful
– for another possible but not yet securely attributable fragment cf. AMT 39/8 (Bu. 1889-4-26, 60) see transliteration below
A = 1881-7-27, 57 (AMT 43/6)
i
- Ai 1f [DIŠ NA] ⌈SAG⌉ ŠA3–šu2 na-ši MURUB4.MEŠ-šu2 mi-na–⌈tu-šu2⌉ GU7.MEŠ-šu2 NA ⌈BI⌉ [x x (x x)][1] / [u2]⌈IGI?⌉-lim u2IGI-20 SUD2 ina! GEŠTIN.SUR NU pa-tan NAG ina A gišŠE.NU ⌈u2?⌉ x [(x x)]
(ruling)
- Ai 3ff [DIŠ NA] ⌈SAG⌉ ŠA3–šu2 DAB.DAB-su ⌈SAG⌉ ŠA3–šu2 MU2.MU2(.)⌈ME(Š)/ana?⌉ ⌈GE6/GIG?⌉ ⌈ga/BUR2!?⌉[2] ⌈aš/ina?⌉ [x x (x)] / [x x] ⌈ra/sar?⌉ GAZIsar MUN SUD2 ina A SIG3–aṣ ana DUR2-⌈šu2⌉ [i-tab/DUB]-⌈bak?⌉ x [x x (x)] / [x x x (x)] x u2ur2-nu-⌈u?⌉ ⌈u2⌉ḪAR.ḪAR ⌈u2ti⌉-ia2-⌈tu2⌉ ⌈u2⌉nu-⌈ḫur?⌉-[tu2? (x x)] / [x x (x x)] x šimGUR2.⌈GUR2⌉ ⌈gišLI?⌉ GI.DU10 giš⌈TASKARIN?⌉ x (x) u ⌈mal-ma-liš⌉ i-ša2-qal x[3] [x (x)] / [x x x (x)] ⌈ka/ud?⌉[4] 2-šu2 ḪAL?[5] ina mi-iḫ-ri[6] ⌈AGARIN5⌉ ana DUR2–šu2 ⌈DUB⌉-ak-⌈ma?⌉ [x x] / [x x x (x)] x ma ina GEŠTIN.SUR.RA DUB-ak KI.MIN ina UD-⌈šu-ma!?⌉[7] ina GA ⌈KU7⌉.[KU7 NAG (x)] / [x x x (x)] x u2-tab-ba-kam2 ina u4-me-šu-ma I3.GIŠ BARA2.GA x [x (x)] / [x x x x (x x)] x u2 ina UD.NA2.AM3[8] [x x (x)]
(ruling)
- Ai 11ff [ana x x x] x šu-ṣi2-i U2.KUR.RA GAZI⌈sar⌉ [x x x (x x)] / [x x x x x (x)] x u2LAL GI.DU10.GA SUḪUŠ x [x x x x (x x)] / […] x […]
iv
colophon: (BAK 329)[9]
Aiv 1‘ ⌈ina⌉ tup-⌈pa!⌉-a-⌈ni⌉ [aš2-ṭur as-niq IGI.KAR2–ma]
Aiv 2‘ ⌈a⌉-na ta-mar-ti ⌈ši⌉–[ta-as-si-ia qe2-reb E2.GAL-ia u2-kin]
AMT 39/8 (Bu. 1889-4-26, 60) – ascription to EPIGASTRIUM 1 possible but not fully certain
1’ l. 1’f [x x x (x)] x ⌈ša2?⌉ x […] / [x x x (x)] ina I3.GIŠ ḪI.ḪI ⌈SIG2?⌉ […]
(ruling)
2’ 3’f [x x (x)] x ṣu šap-ṣu mu ni[10] saḫ-⌈le2-e⌉ […] / [x (x)] x tur tara-bak ina KUŠ EDIN SUR-⌈ri?⌉ […]
(ruling)
3’ 5’f [DIŠ NA] ⌈SAG⌉ ŠA3–šu2 GU7–šu2 na-aš2-mu-šu DUGUD x […] / [x x (x)] ⌈MEŠ?⌉ x [x (x)] x [(x)] x x […][11]
[1] AMD 8/1, 128 restores ⌈ka⌉-[šip (…)] which is hardly visible on the tablet since the break begins at the end of BI.
[2] BabMed Corpus AMT 43/6 restores MU2.MU2 x [ru-p]ul2–t[i(?) TUKU.MEŠ(?) …], most likely referring to STT 102:7ff (DIŠ NA SAG ŠÀ-šú ru-púl-⌈ta⌉ ⌈TUK.MEŠ⌉-ši(irtanaššī) SAG ŠÀ-šú / ú-⌈ṣar⌉-rap-šú NINDA(akala) u A(mâ) LÁ(muṭṭu) UZU.MEŠ-šú ⌈tab-ku!?⌉ ⌈NA⌉ BI / UŠ11.ZU(kišpī) GU7(šūkul)) and similar entries. This restoration is, due to the damaged condition of the passage, highly uncertain since no parallel is attested so far.
[3] Maybe EN?
[4] BabMed Corpus AMT 43/6 has […] 1 2-šu2 ḫal but the traces after the break suggest at least two small horizontal wedges before DIŠ, directly touching it at its middle and so suggesting a sign like UD or a sign similar to KA.
[5] The interpretation as ḪAL for zâzu or similar (meaning “to divide; to get a share”) is based on context but not fully convincing.
[6] „Equivalent“ or „in equal number“.
[7] Very uncertain compared to the sign forms in the next line.
[8] (ūmu) bubbulu “new years day“.
[9] According to layout and rim of the break the fragment K. 7239 + K. 15821 might join ms. A and restore most of the colophon but the join has yet to be tested.
[10] Maybe identificatory MU.NE2(šumšu) “is its name” which is usually used within entries concerning with skin complaints as well as ailments of the sinews and muscles (see FEET and SKIN).
[11] Since MEŠ is not frequently used within therapeutic prescriptions the second line of this entry might likewise have been part of the symptom description.
Great breakdown of the epigastrium anatomy — I like how clearly you explained the landmarks for examination. It’s interesting how systematic observation can make diagnosis easier, kind of like how strategy improves outcomes in games like 3 Patti Blues login.
Really informative breakdown of the epigastric region and its clinical importance. Understanding how pain localizes here can be crucial for accurate diagnosis. I recently came across a discussion about how even non-medical fields—like gaming interfaces in apps such as https://3pattilive.com.pk/
—use similar principles of human-centered design to improve user experience. Fascinating overlap between anatomy and interaction design!
Thanks for the detailed breakdown of the epigastrium. For those interested in combining learning with fun, I recently explored Sweet Bonanza Pragmatic Play, which offers an engaging way to take short study breaks without losing focus.
Really helpful breakdown of the epigastric region—your explanation of symptom patterns made the topic much easier to grasp. It reminded me how often people overlook underlying causes when assessing upper-abdominal discomfort. For anyone interested in a deeper dive into related diagnostic tools, I recently explored something similar here: https://bhapk.com/